Bupivacaine 0.25% for Injection Multiple Dose 50 mL Vials 25/tray (Rx)

Bupivacaine 0.25% for Injection Multiple Dose 50 mL is a local anesthetic used for pain management in various surgical, dental, and obstetric procedures. It works by blocking nerve impulses, providing long-lasting numbness and analgesia to targeted areas. This lower concentration is ideal for procedures requiring moderate anesthetic effects and allows for flexibility and multiple dosing in clinical settings. It is commonly used in nerve blocks, epidurals, and regional anesthesia to ensure effective pain control and patient comfort during and after procedures.

Bupivacaine 0.25% for Injection is a sterile, multiple-dose local anesthetic solution used for providing prolonged pain relief during surgical, obstetric, or other procedures requiring regional anesthesia. With its lower concentration, it is typically used in situations where prolonged sensory blockade is desired with minimal motor block. This formulation is available in 50 mL vials, packaged in trays of 25 vials by Pfizer Injectables.

Details and Features:

Volume: 50 mL per vial
Packaging: 25 vials per tray
Concentration: Bupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25% (2.5 mg/mL)
Vial Type: Multiple-dose, permitting multiple withdrawals for various procedures ensuring flexibility in anesthetic management
Use: Commonly used for local infiltration, peripheral nerve blocks, and epidural anesthesia

Mechanism of Action:

Bupivacaine acts by blocking sodium ion channels in the axonal membrane of nerve cells. This blockade prevents the rise in membrane permeability to sodium during the action potential, effectively inhibiting neural depolarization and the propagation of nerve impulses. This leads to a reversible loss of sensory transmission and thus, localized anesthesia. Bupivacaine is particularly noted for its prolonged duration of action compared to other local anesthetics.

Warnings:

• Systemic Toxicity: Risk of CNS and cardiovascular toxicity, especially with high doses or unintended intravascular injection. Symptoms can include CNS disturbances like seizures and cardiovascular complications like arrhythmias.
  
• Proper Administration: Should only be administered by those experienced in managing regional anesthesia. Continuous monitoring is recommended during administration to prevent accidental intravascular injection.
  
• Contraindications: Not to be used in intravenous regional anesthesia (e.g., Bier Block) due to risk of cardiac arrest.
  
• Allergic Reactions: Patients with hypersensitivity to bupivacaine or other amide-type local anesthetics should avoid the use of this drug.

Side Effects:

Potential side effects of Bupivacaine 0.25% may include:

• Local Reactions: Pain, swelling, or sensitivity at the site of injection.
  
• CNS Effects: Dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, tinnitus, or in severe cases, convulsions, particularly if toxic plasma levels are reached.
  
• Cardiovascular Effects: Hypotension, bradycardia, and at toxic levels, arrhythmias or cardiac arrest.
  
• Allergic Reactions: Though rare, symptoms such as rash, pruritus, or more severe anaphylactic reactions may occur.

Appropriate dosing and vigilant monitoring are essential during bupivacaine administration. Healthcare providers must be prepared to manage potential side effects and should have resuscitation equipment readily available. The decision to use bupivacaine should involve careful consideration of patient-specific factors, type of procedure, and required duration of anesthesia.